BeginChinese
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The ancient form
Today

· jyu4

fish

Where it comes from

The oracle-bone scribes drew a fish exactly as you would spot one in a stream: a rounded head at the top, a spine running down the middle, a pair of scale-marks along its sides, and a tail flicking open at the bottom. Turn the picture on its side and you can still see the whole animal, nose to fin, in one continuous shape.

A piece of culture

A fish for every new year
鱼 (yú) sounds exactly like 余, "surplus" — so a whole fish, cooked whole and deliberately left half-eaten on the table, is the centerpiece of the Chinese New Year meal. Families wish each other 年年有余 — "may there be surplus every year" — and because it is a pun on 鱼, paintings, papercuts, and porcelain fill up with fish at New Year too. The character keeps swimming through the rest of the language: pair it with 羊 (sheep) and you get 鲜, "fresh" — a sheep and a fish were once the tastiest things a Bronze Age cook could serve.

Use it in a real word

木鱼
mùyú ·
wooden fish — a hollow carved block Buddhist monks tap while chanting; you already know 木
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